The four fingers on the left hand should rest of the ASDF keys, whilst the right-hand fingers should lay on the JKL: keys.ĭown the track, if you are looking to master touch typing, this positioning is vital, as it is from this resting position that fingers move either up, down or perhaps a little sideways to access the rest of the keyboard. The F and J keys have tiny raised bumps on them, which is where the index fingers should be placed. The ‘home row’ is the main row of keys, in regard to the positioning of hands.
Numeric Keypad: This area of the keyboard contains keys wit h a similar layout to that of a calculator and is commonly used in professions such as bank tellers, accountants etc Other keys in the category include delete, home, end, page up and page down. Typewriter Keys: These make up the bulk of a standard keyboard containing letters, numbers and punctuation symbolsĬursor/Control Keys: These arrow keys control the direction of the cursor.
Some keyboards may include additional keys, though most will contain between 80 and 110 keys, broken up into the following categories:įunction Keys: Usually positioned on the top row of a keyboard eg. The QWERTY layout, so-called because of the order of the first six-letter keys on the top left row of the keyboard, was devised in the early 1870’s and has stuck around all these years.
Most keyboards, whether they are a physical keyboard, on a tablet or smartphone have the same layout. Whilst children can be introduced to a keyboard informally at any age through play, it is generally considered appropriate for children to learn to type around the ages of 6 to 7 years of age, as this is when their hands are usually big enough to navigate a standard keyboard. Teaching them the correct way to navigate a keyboard will stand them in good stead throughout their education and into their adult life.
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The layout, how to move your fingers and how much force to use whilst tapping the keys are all skills children can learn and master with a bit of practice. Given that the gut flora has a major role in human nutrition and health, some of the beneficial effects of phenolic acids may be ascribed to the microflora involved in metabolism.Typing apps for kids are meeting the need of helping parents to teach their kids how to use a keyboard. species belonging to the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus), are involved in the release of bioactive hydroxycinnamic acids in the human colon.įree hydroxycinnamates, including caffeic, ferulic and p-coumaric acids, exhibit antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties both in vitro and in animal models. The results show that certain gut bacteria, including some already recognized as potentially health-promoting (i.e. These cinnamoyl esterase-producing organisms were devoid of other phenolic-degrading activities. Chlorogenic acid hydrolysing activities were essentially intracellular. Six isolates released the hydroxycinnamate, ferulic acid, from its ethyl ester in a plate-screening assay, and these were identified through genotypic characterization (16S rRNA sequencing) as Escherichia coli (three isolates), Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus gasseri (two strains).
Thirty-five isolates recovered after anaerobic batch culture incubation of human faecal bacteria in a chlorogenic acid-based medium were screened for cinnamoyl esterase activity. This study is aimed at identifying bacterial species responsible for the release of natural antioxidants, such as hydroxycinnamic acids, in the human large intestine. Ingested hydroxycinnamate esters can reach the large intestine essentially unaltered, and may then be hydrolysed by esterases produced by the indigenous microflora. Conjugated hydroxycinnamates, such as chlorogenic acid (caffeoyl-quinic acid), are widely consumed in a Western diet, coffee being one of the richest sources.
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